Lesson 15: Idafa — Possession & Relationship
Idafa Construction (الإضافة)
The Idafa is one of the most important grammatical structures in the Quran. It expresses possession or relationship between two nouns.
Structure: Noun 1 + Noun 2
كِتَابُ ٱللَّهِ (Kitābu Llāh) = The Book of Allah (Allah's Book)
رَبُّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ (Rabbu l-ʿālamīn) = Lord of all worlds
صِرَٰطُ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمِ (Ṣirāṭu l-mustaqīm) = The Straight Path
Key Rules:
- The first noun (مضاف) never takes ال or tanween
- The second noun (مضاف إليه) is always in the genitive case (مجرور)
- Multiple nouns can be chained: كِتَابُ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ = Book of the Lord of all worlds